Grounding in the country with their own hands. Installation diagram conductive electrodes

Installation of the grounding circuit in the country with their own hands

The most common system of ground - is a construction of three metal pins (electrodes). Rods bury in the ground and sealed between a horizontal steel strip. Ready ground loop is connected to the power board with a steel rod, conducted underground.

Useful advice! The grounding circuit is not suitable to mount in rocky and stony soils - too large a resistivity of the rock.

Elements of the grounding system in the country site

The principle of operation of the grounding system

Residential buildings typically powered from a single phase power supply with alternating current of 220 volts. Household work mechanisms and systems provide an electrical circuit, in which there are two conductors - the phase and the neutral conductor.

The design of each appliance provides for isolation and fuses that protect a person from electric shock. Imagine a situation in which untrusted contacts sparkled. The voltage in this case falls on the body, such as a washing machine. The hostess touching a wet hand, his faithful assistant, will receive a strong electrical shock.

The principle of operation of the grounding system

Especially dangerous when the metal structures are located near the defective unit having the so-called natural ground. These include:

• pipes and radiators,
• water pipes,
• gas pipes,
• open fittings concrete slabs.

Scheme grounding circuit 1 - the fastener (bolt M6, M8); 2 - Horizontal earthing (steel 40x4); 3 - vertical earthing (a - pipe 50h3, - a round steel, in - Area 50h50h5); 4 - grounding conductor; 5 - of copper or aluminum wire grounding; 6 -svarnoy seam

Grasp both for battery and housing the machine, the person closes the circuit itself. The current goes towards zero potential (the ground), including passing through the body. Nature of electricity such that the flow of electrons, like a stream of water moving through the channels with the lowest resistance.

To protect households from such accidents, mounted circuit ground in the country with their own hands. Scheme if the device fails or breaks through the insulation discharge, trouble will occur. Pre-established the grounding line will take a dangerous voltage at the point of least resistance - namely, into the ground.

ground with his own hands the device

Improper grounding scheme

Some home craftsmen are in the belief that the current drain can be used for water pipes and heating risers. Such grounding in the country with their own hands the security scheme can not be called. Pipes are strongly oxidized, or have poor contact with the ground. Moreover, in the pipeline system is often included plastic compound that is open circuit.

Many modern appliances are provided with a three-core cable with a plug. They set the same outlet. Neutral conductor in the cable denoted blue grounding - yellow-green phase - by any other than the above.

Organization ground to the villa kitchen: 1 - electric, 2 - Ground wire

Wanting to save on the device ground in the country with their own hands, using this scheme: in the outlet do the jumper between the ground and the neutral contact. However, this project is extremely unpredictable. If it happens perefazovka or poor contact of the working zero, there dangerous voltage on the instrument body in any circuit portion.

Some homeowners are installing in a special protective device network (RCD), Consider the problem solved. But the work of the RCD will be correct only if the ground. Then the leakage current electric circuit closes at once, and the mechanism works, by turning off the dangerous section of the power.

Schematic image of grounding devices in a private house

Grounding in the country with their own hands. Driving circuit

Impedance current drainage system should be less than the resistance of the human body. For calculations of the average value taken - less than 4 ohms. The regulations meet the permissible resistance of 0.5 ohms, 30 ohms, 60 ohms. But here, where it is a fact of life and death, it is better less than more.

Related article:

soil resistance

The earthing circuit must ensure the least possible resistance and reliable contact with the ground. However, the primer has a different resistivity. It depends on its composition:

• Sand - 1000 Ohm * m;
• black earth - 200 Ohm * m;
• sandy loam - 150 Ohm * m;
• loess loam - 100 Ohm * m;
• semi-solid clay - 50 Ohm * m;
• plastic loam - 30 Ohm * m;
• peat or clay plastic - 20 Ohm * m.

Indicators resistivity different soil layers

We see that the layers with the lowest resistance values ​​are at a considerable depth. successful grounding problem can be solved in several ways:

• deeper immersion of the electrodes into the soil;
• adding additional vertical elements;
• buildup area of ​​contact with the ground rods (use of wider pin with a large cross section);
• increasing the distance between the electrodes.

Strapping grounding circuit used steel strip 40-50 mm wide

Installation of ground system with their own hands

For a detailed review will take grounding system in the country with their own hands, the scheme number 2 - a triangle with the pins at the vertices.

The material for the electrodes:

• steel corner width at least 4 × 4;
• reinforcing rod sections 10-12 mm;
• steel tube with a section of wall 3.0-5.0 mm;
• the steel strip of 50 mm width.

Useful advice!Fittings should be smooth. Grooved surface does not provide a firm contact with the ground electrode. When driven in the void created by reducing the quality of the ground.

The contour of the ground near her house, made with his own hands

pin length should be about 3 m. As strapping can use metal strip section 4 × 40 mm or 14 mm diameter rebar. When joining contour welding necessarily used.

The procedure works

We are clearing the first pick and place at a portion where the contour is installed.. Optimally, if the distance from the electrodes to the power cabinet around 10 m Further work carried out thus:

• dig a pit like a strip foundation, only in the form of an isosceles triangle. Trench depth of 1 m, width - half a meter.. The distance from the rod to the rod should be about 1.2 m from one corner of the triangle to dig a ditch power board;