The dampness in the garage is almost always indicative of building errors. Most likely, during the erection of the construction, the builders simply did not take care to ensure proper ventilation or drainage of moisture. Of course, it also happens that moisture enters the garage, despite the presence of ventilation: unfortunately, all variants of water penetration are possible only during the operation of the room.
For example, it is difficult to predict the level of groundwater, or the likelihood of water draining from a neighbor's roof. The reasons for the appearance of water can be many, but the result is one - the water in the cellar. How to dry it and how to prevent wetting in the future - this article will tell.
How to dry the cellar
Garage project: we are looking for reasons of humidity
To prevent dampness in the garage, it is worthwhile to think about how to avoid moisture entering the room during construction. Do not use porous materials, such as foam or expanded clay blocks. Do not apply and brick, because its water resistance is in doubt. The best way to prevent water is the concrete wall. Moreover, the cellar is also better to be concreted.
The next task is to choose the type of construction: monolith or assembly? Longer and more reliable in operation - a monolith. But, in principle, and concrete blocks are not bad. Construction is better planned for the summer period, in order to avoid the accumulation of water in the foundation pit under the garage.
Drying the cellar: where to start
If the water still came to your cellar, it can be dried and then waterproofed. For drying, summer is best suited. Before drying, the cellar and garage must be freed from things and objects. Shelves, shelves, boxes for vegetables send for a short time on the street, so they also dried up.
The next step is cleaning the floor and walls from debris. Next, you should give the room a natural flow of air - at least for a couple of days. And only then start to additional drying.
Drying the cellar with a homemade brazier
Drying with a brazier
The old metal bucket will help to dry the cellar. Put it in the middle and spread the fire in it, which must be maintained until the walls dry. Hot air from the fire quickly supplant mustiness, and smoke - disinfects the room, destroying mold and bacteria. The smoke and insects will disappear from the smoke.
Cellar drying scheme
Candle as a drying method
There is one more way: by increasing the ventilation pipe to the floor, place a burning candle on it on a non-flammable base. To make it draft, it's enough to burn a small piece of paper in your work. A few days the candle will warm up and dry the room. Instead of a candle use and a tablet of dry fuel.
Waterproofing of the cellar in the garage and external drainage
To protect it from water, waterproofing additives are added to the concrete during construction. In addition, external drainage can help well, which can be planned at the stage of erection of the garage.
It is possible to divert the groundwater to the storm drain or simply to the side. But this method is effective only when the structure is separate. And in a parking lot, in a garage cooperative or in a multi-storey building, to make a challenge is ineffective.
Drainage is a trench around the perimeter of the garage, below the basement level of 40cm, into which plastic tubes are buried in an upright position. Pipes will take extra water. And that they are not clogged, they are covered with a galvanized grate. The trench is covered with geotextile, so that it does not become silted and covered with a layer of crushed stone. It is necessary to pay attention, that in the soil did not get drains. Otherwise, all efforts for drying will be in vain.
Cellar with drainage system - construction scheme
How to arrange internal drainage
It is logical to equip a large cellar with an internal drainage system so that it does not get wet. In the basement, pipes are installed, which divert water. A wide selection of corrugated, perforated, ribbed tubes allows you to select the required option. Of course, it is best to create drainage indoors before the construction of the floor. Otherwise, it is necessary to build in tubes, breaking the finished floor. The device of internal drainage: a trench along the perimeter of the basement, deeper than the floor level of 40cm, into which the geoseptic material is deposited. Above, gravel is covered and drains are laid from slopes of 3 mm per meter. Then the pipes are covered with rubble and covered with geotextile. Sprinkle with sand and compact.
To collect water you can put a well. It can be finished( from PVC) or self-made( of brick or concrete).In the well, an automatic pump is installed to drain the water. From the pump, a hose is carried out, through which water will be discharged. If you use the usual capacity instead of a well, you will need to regularly ventilate the room.
Protection of the basement against damp with. .. injections and hydro-coatings
This is an expensive method, however, highly efficient even for slag blocks, bricks and foam blocks. Technology of injection method waterproofing is as follows: in holes with a diameter from one and a half to 4 mm, at a distance from half a meter to 80 cm from each other, expansion packers with insulating substances are introduced. Enter them under high pressure using a special pump. This method of waterproofing does not require opening the floor, removing the cladding. The introduced polymers are durable and environmentally friendly, they can fill even the smallest cracks.
Penetrating surface waterproofing blocks pores, covering not only basements, but also the walls of their pre-drying bases. The waterproofing mixture is diluted with ordinary water, and the solution is applied to moistened surfaces. The mixture, reacting to surface moisture, forms crystals that isolate concrete or brick from moisture.
After processing the garage, things can be brought back in only after disinfection, which will prevent the appearance of pests and mold in the room.
