The use of hollow core slabs

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The use of hollow core slabs

Quite popular material in multi-storey construction is a hollow floor slab, which has some design features, and has certain technical characteristics that allow it to be used for a different purpose.

Their dimensions, ultimate strength and fire resistance, additional reinforcement, as well as reinforcement and other technical characteristics determine the corresponding GOST.

The main purpose of this type of plate is the organization of floors at the intersection of floors.

As you know, during the operation and construction of any building it is on the slabs that account for a huge number of very different loads, and therefore, their amplification must be made, which will increase the strength and reliability characteristics.

It should be noted that when using a structure, the weight of such a plate is supplemented by the weight of the part of the building erected on it.

Multiband plates have different sizes, which allows them to be used for the construction of various houses.

All these characteristics determine the corresponding GOST, in accordance with which they are produced.

Contents:

  • Main features of
  • overlapping plates Types and designations of hollow core slabs
  • Necessary calculation
  • Storage and transport

Main features of

overlap plates There are certain requirements for overlapping in the house that contain the corresponding GOST.

They must have a certain tensile strength, appropriate dimensions, a given weight, and in addition have high fire resistance.

The ceiling must be reinforced and the best and most effective way to realize it is to reinforce it.

In multi-storey construction, in most cases, concrete slabs of different types and types, corresponding to the accepted GOST, are used to cover floors with honey.

They can be ribbed, and in this case the corresponding gap between two adjacent ribs is about one hundred and fifty centimeters.

As an overlap, ordinary reinforced concrete beams, neatly fitted to each other, can act.

In any case, the erection must have the required strength and fire resistance, as required by GOST.

With a huge variety of building materials that can be used as floors between floors, the most common use is reinforced concrete slabs.

Currently, they produce three different types. The most powerful and correspondingly strong are solid or monolithic reinforced concrete slabs.

They have a high tensile strength and fire resistance, in their design, additional reinforcement is provided and reinforcement is required.

A significant disadvantage of this type of slab is a sufficiently high weight.

In addition, you can find hollow and reinforced concrete slabs, which have some design features.

The most popular, which are often used in the construction of various objects, are hollow-core slabs, whose weight is an order of magnitude lower than that of full-body plates.

They also carried out reinforcement, which provides a sufficient strength for building houses and fire resistance.

According to GOST they have different sizes, which increases their versatility.

Types and designations of hollow core slabs

Constructively, hollow core slabs are rectangular in construction, which has the appropriate dimensions and voids placed in its lateral part.

These voids significantly reduce the overall weight of the board, while the ultimate strength and fire resistance fully complies with GOST for multi-storey construction.

Design dimensions

In them, the reinforcement is performed in a special way, which makes it possible to produce the necessary reinforcement of the entire structure.

In addition, these voids add additional reinforcement of its flexural strength and can be used as technological holes for various communications.

The standard dimensions of the length of a hollow core plate are on average twelve meters with a width of one to two meters and a height of twenty-two to thirty-one centimeters.

Their division into types according to GOST is carried out depending on the number of voids and support options.

Can be marked with PC, PCT, PCC, and also PG and PB with digital coefficients from 1 to 7.

The adopted GOST standards conventionally set marking for multi-hollow plates in the form of three alphanumeric combinations.

So, in the designation there are the overall dimensions and type of concrete, the limit of the design load, the class of the used reinforcement, and also some additional indicators, for example fire resistance.

As in these plates the reinforcement is made by using different types of reinforcement, it is possible to understand what type is used in a particular product according to the corresponding symbols, for example, the letter A stands for the bar reinforcement, the letter K for the reinforcing ropes and so on.

According to GOST all necessary marking on hollow-core slabs should be applied in its lateral part and contain in itself all necessary information data.

In addition, together with the marking, the design weight, date and company name of the manufacturer must be indicated.

Necessary calculation

Due to the fact that hollow-core slabs have a high tensile strength and fire resistance, at a relatively low weight, taking into account the fact that reinforcement is made in the form of a certain type of reinforcement, they are most often used in multi-storey construction.

Meanwhile, in order to correctly determine the dimensions and types of such a slab, it is necessary to make appropriate calculations at the design stage of the erected house.

Video:

Calculation of a hollow core slab is performed in order to determine the ultimate strength for all assumed loads.

In addition, the calculation allows you to choose the most suitable type of plate, which can provide the required fire resistance parameters, as well as possible additional strengthening of the entire structure as a whole.

When calculating multi-hollow slabs, many factors are considered, which may have some effect on its strength and fire resistance.

As a result of the calculations, it is determined not only the expected load per square meter of a hollow core plate, but also the fire resistance characteristics, which are also of great importance in the subsequent operation of the erected building.

As a rule, calculation of hollow core structures is performed by qualified specialists who have the appropriate tolerance.

Based on the data obtained, a hollow-core construction is chosen that will be able to withstand all the loads that the floor overlaps the house.

In addition, calculations allow you to approximately calculate the required amount of material, as well as its dimensions.

Also at the same time the type of fastening, additional reinforcement of the structure, if necessary, and some other nuances are solved.

This issue should be approached with full responsibility, taking into account all developed standards and norms.

Storage and transportation

Like any other building material, hollow-core structures designed for floors in multi-storey buildings should be stored and transported to their destination.

It should be noted that the corresponding GOST has been developed, which defines the rules for storage, as well as transportation of hollow-core structures.

They can be transported only when the cement slurry completely rises and gets stronger, and accordingly it will fully comply with regulatory requirements.

For their transportation, there are special machines, as well as railway platforms.

At the time of transportation of multi-empty structures, a gap of at least fifty millimeters must be provided between each product.

Appropriate gaskets should be located near the location of the special mounting loops.

Storage of hollow-core structures intended for the arrangement of interfloor overlappings is carried out on a special level ground.

It is allowed to store products one on another, but only through special gaskets, which must be located around the perimeter of the structure.

The recommended thickness of each gasket should be at least three centimeters.

In the case where the mounting loops are thicker than three centimeters, the thickness of the gasket itself is increased accordingly.

Lay hollow structures in the storage area so that free access to marking and crane gripping of each individual slab are ensured.

It is also better to cover them with protective material to protect them from aggressive external influences.

Loading, unloading and laying of hollow core slabs should be carried out using a crane.

As practice shows, now it is the hollow-core slabs that are the material that makes it possible to equip reliable and durable ceilings between the floors in the house.

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