The house smells of dampness, proper ventilation and the issue is resolved

If the apartment has proper ventilation, then the house will never have unpleasant musty smells, the windows will not collect condensate, and after cooking will not have to open the ventilation pane for ventilation. Therefore, it is important to understand what natural ventilation and forced ventilation are, and how they can be combined.

Natural ventilation in the room

Natural airflow is created in the apartment by means of cracks in the window and door frames, gaps under the door leaves, and, of course, due to the windows. There are several ways to create a natural airflow:
• Old-style windows. In this case, we mean old wooden windows. In winter, it is desirable to trim the window openings with foam rubber belts, on the one side of which there is an adhesive tape. It is not necessary to insulate the frame with the help of densely packed cotton wool, on top of which the paper tape is additionally attached. Foam in spite of closing the cracks, in fact, it is enough "breathing" material, the main thing is to choose loose on the structure, only then the air from the street will enter the room;

• But there is a very important point! Climatic conditions on the street( wind and temperature differences) create a pressure that will push the foam, so in narrow and curved slits, which causes a throttle effect. It appears because the air masses heat themselves at constant movement;
• Double-glazed windows. As for modern windows, their design implies a tight fitting of the wings to the frame. Accordingly, in the insulation of this option does not need, but also double-glazed windows can create natural ventilation. In this case, it is possible to open the door for ventilation, and its width can be independently adjusted at its own discretion. According to the laws of physics, warm air always rises upward, and the cool air descends. Therefore, the location of the slit at the top of the window is constructively correct;
• The natural fresh air intake system is designed for the radiator under the window;

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• Supply air valve. This device is installed in those cases when there is not enough ordinary airing, so most often it can be found not in apartments, but in kitchens of public institutions.
Such a valve can be straight or angular, with both models always having shutters that allow the regulation of air masses. The first option can have an element of forced flow injection, such as, for example, a heater or have an internal construction that is similar to a labyrinth, which makes it possible to artificially create a throttle effect. As for the second, they have a similar principle of operation with double-glazed windows when they stand on the ventilation. Their design has a bias towards the street, then the room will not get atmospheric precipitation.

Forced ventilation in the room

This type of system is installed in those cases when the natural influx of air does not cope with the function of airing the apartment. This option has two ways of solving the problem - installation of a blowing device( fan) in the vent or a separate section with an already built-in electric fan inside is mounted.
But depending on where the system will be installed, you need to know about some operational features:

• Kitchen. For this room are designed special hoods, which have a special bell, installed above the stove. In the quality models there are special neutralizers of odors, so that the aromas do not spread throughout the apartment. Typically, such devices are presented in the form of ultraviolet lamps. But once it is worth noting that they work on electricity, and therefore, bills for electricity will increase somewhat. But their lifespan is very long, and they are quite safe for human health;

Special attention should be paid to those exhaust systems that come with neutralizers on chemicals. Some models may contain carcinogenic substances, even though their producers are well-known European firms.

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• WC.The most optimal option, and economical, is that system, which is switched on simultaneously with the inclusion of light in the room. Since in modern apartments there is a common air duct from which each living space has a separate outlet, it is best to install clapboard valves. They are a damper that has a free rotation of 75-80 degrees and is mounted on a vertical axis. It is designed to block the flow of air from the outside, which is highly advisable in the winter season.

Since the bathroom is the room where the vapors accumulate most, which means that condensation forms on the surfaces, the right fan is just necessary. Although many save on such details, relying on natural airing, that is, when the doors are left completely open. And here is the main mistake! Sharp temperature difference( in the bathroom - hot, and in the corridor - cold) leads to the fact that the finishing materials of the premises quickly become disrepair. Therefore, it is better not to save, but immediately put a quality ventilation system.

How to choose a device for extracting

Today, among experts, a fan model such as BH-2 enjoys great confidence. It has optimal dimensions that are best suited to apartment hoods, with an average power consumption of 22W, and forhour he is able to drive about 2.5 cube.m. of air flow.
These structures can be found in the metalworking and foundry shops, as they are capable of withstanding significant loads. Although for the sake of justice it is worth noting such a point: during the work they produce a small noise. If for someone this is a significant drawback, then you can pay attention to silent models.
If the noise criterion is important, then you should pay attention to fans that have low speeds and blades that resemble sabers. But here it is necessary to know that if they are not taken care of and allowed to accumulate dust, then they will become as noisy as industrial models. It is also worthwhile to be prepared for the fact that silent analogs require for their work somewhat more electricity than other brethren.
Not the last role in the quality of operation is played out also by the material from which the product is made. From an economical class, it's worth choosing those fans that are made of acrylic or polypropylene. If the appliance is selected for a bathroom, it is important to choose a material that is resistant to moisture, since it is installed from the outside of the room.

How to properly check and equip apartment ventilation

First of all, you need to check the serviceability of the duct, for which a paper strip( 10 cm) is brought to the hole and its oscillations are checked. Many papers are set on fire, but this is not always safe, as in some cases gas is stored in such mines, which means there is a threat of an explosion. If there are no problems with the supply of air, then we can proceed further.
It is necessary to know the multiplicity of air exchange, for which the calculation of the supply and departure of air masses is carried out. To do this, you need to know the square of the square, how many people live in the apartment, and it is taken into account, whether someone smokes or not. According to the standards, for each person living there is an air consumption of 70 cubic meters per hour.
If there is a preference for a cooler atmosphere, then the indicator of the air exchange rate should be increased to 300 cubic meters per hour. The installation of proper ventilation is confirmed by the fact that the apartment has fresh air, and there must be no drafts.
An important nuance is the fact that the volume of supply and exhaust air masses are equal.

Thus, the effect of a draft is eliminated. But even here one should know that each room, depending on its destination, requires a certain balance. For example, kitchen and bathroom, should have an inflow lower than the air outlet. It is worth remembering that cold air is always heavier than warm air.
Therefore, for a good ventilation of apartments it is necessary to use both natural ventilation and forced-type systems, since only the slots and valves are designed for the natural current of air masses. And with the help of fans, there will be an outflow of "dirty" air. And thus, the house will always remain fresh and tidy.

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