Owners of private buildings, as a rule, prefer self-contained water supply systems. Their merits are obvious, and a lot has been written about this. In most articles on the choice of source, emphasis is placed on the appropriateness of building a well in the site. One of the main arguments - the water in it does not freeze, so it is much better than the well.
But here some features of such traditional, centuries-old hydraulic structures are not taken into account. Firstly, there is little indication that not all wells need thermal insulation, and secondly, that if necessary, such measures can be carried out independently, and without significant material costs and efforts. We'll figure out which wells need thermal insulation and what methods it does.
Wooden log house
Such wells are not allowed to be fully insulated. Wood belongs to the class of materials having very low thermal conductivity. Consequently, the penetration of "cold" into the interior is possible only from above. Therefore, this part of the well needs to be insulated. For this, there are various methods that are chosen based on the characteristics of the region's climate( maximum "minus" temperatures).
Thermal insulation
The best option, if it is also wooden. And in addition you can finish it in different ways: to trim with felt, glue the EPS board( cut to size) from the bottom, completely cover the top of the log with any material. A good owner will always find the most acceptable way. As an option - plastic with laying a layer of mineral wool. On sale there are special covers made of reinforced concrete, equipped with plastic hatches for access to water.
Construction of "house"
This self-made "birdhouse" not only additionally protects the upper part of the well from freezing, but also makes it more convenient to take water out of it in case of failure, for example, a pump.
Well from rings reinforced concrete
Such constructions require a high-quality thermal insulation, as concrete is a good conductor of thermal energy. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the depth of freezing of the soil. As a rule, it is 1.5 m. There is no sense to warm this mark, because the water and soil temperatures are the same.
There is no sense in explaining that for insulation, the outer part of the well must be "bare" at a sufficient height.
Materials
There are a lot of options for insulation. We give the most convenient in terms of performance and not very expensive. Those who are willing to spend a significant amount, it makes sense to ask, for example, technology "sandwich".The following methods are from the category of "budget".
Styrofoam
There are special semirings( they are called "shells") of various diameters. The connection is very common - on the principle of "spike-groove".It is only necessary to segregate the seat of the halves in addition. But it is necessary to provide for the possibility of dismantling the insulation( for example, during cleaning, additional treatment of rings with special compounds), therefore it is undesirable to use, for example, a mounting foam - it will glue the halves of the "shell".
Claydite
Around the well, a kind of formwork is arranged. Such a fencing skeleton can be built from wood( waterproof thick plywood, antiseptic impregnated boards), MDF boards. Inside the claydite is filled, and the material must be of different fractions. In this case, the layer will be as tight as possible. The peculiarity is that around the well it is necessary to dig out the "square", although it is not difficult.
Polyurethane foam
This method is more qualitative, but it will be necessary to invite specialists, since the spraying of the mixture is carried out using a special installation. The cost will be fully paid off, since this insulation will serve for at least 30 years. In addition, the coating is continuous and dense, which significantly improves the quality of the waterproofing. The only condition - the work is carried out at a temperature not lower than +20 0С.
For information
Ready-made lids for wells are on sale. They can also be ordered to the required size. Estimated cost - from 5 800 rubles. If you insulate the well completely, then for your services, the invited masters will take at least 16 000 rubles.
Practical recommendations for
The process of digging a well is likely to damage the waterproofing layer. Before proceeding with the insulation, you need to carefully inspect the entire surface and eliminate the defects.
Some site owners believe that once a water intake is carried out by a pump, it is possible not to worry about the insulation. Argument - the device is located closer to the bottom of the source, and so the well does not freeze even in the most severe frosts. But the question arises - and if the pump or some other element of the "scheme" fails? Repair for "5 minutes", especially in winter, will not work. How to be?
In addition, the ice "plug" can cause a shift in the rings, and this is difficult to fix, and in the winter time - impossible. That is why a well of reinforced concrete products is subject to mandatory warming.
For the regions of the North, the depth of freezing should be determined not less than 2 m.
