How to putty the ceiling for painting

In most modern apartments and houses, the ceilings are decorated with plaster made of fine shpatlevochnyh plasters, with whitewashing, painting or even without them. However, in order, for example, to paint perfectly, and the surface to remain smooth, it is necessary to perform the work of on preparation of the ceiling plane, and this is quite difficult for the beginner process. Getting to these events, you need to understand very well how to putty the ceiling for painting.

For those who still did not decide on the choice of ceiling finishing, I would like to clarify why the filler with further painting remains popular for residential and public premises for many decades.

Advantages of such finishing

The ceiling, leveled with putty, and then painted in the right shade, has many significant advantages compared to other finishing materials.

So, it is possible to relate the following moments:

• Attractive tse on materials required for plastering and painting works.
• Saving on the process of plastering and painting, as its is quite possible for to produce by oneself, carefully studying the technology and practicing in practical its implementation.
• Buy materials of different quality and shade do not make t t ore, as today in building stores there is a wide choice of - for every taste and purse .
• Due to the fact that from numerous coloring agents and putties with different performance characteristics, it is possible to select environmentally friendly materials, their application is possible in any room of , both in children's rooms and in premises having a high level of relativehumidity.
• These finishing materials contribute to an increase in the fire safety of the room, since they have low combustibility characteristics or in general are not inflammable.
• Both plaster and color compositions after complete drying become absolutely safe for human health.
• The aesthetic of the ceiling after finishing with these materials is an important, and sometimes even a defining moment for the design of residential and public premises. If the ceiling is and painted qualitatively, it will look no worse than the suspension or tension version, which will cost the much more expensive, and will serve the much smaller period of time .

If someone wants to create with this sound - or thermal insulation, then this will not work. The putty is to some extent capable of silencing soft sounds, but it will not be able to completely heat the - and soundproofing the room in any significant degree, insofar as the materials specifically designed for this are capable of doing so.

Finishing materials and tools for work

Building materials

In order for to make a high-quality ceiling coating, you need to select the right materials for this process. It will not only require putty and paint, but also surface preparation compositions, without which it is impossible to obtain excellent adhesion of the materials used.

The first thing that is required for finishing - is the primer, which is treated with the ceiling cleaned from the old covering, with , - repeatedly before the starting alignment of the curved ceiling, and before the finish puttying.

surface. If the has to align the curve with the ceiling, then a plaster mix( shpatlevochnaya ) is required, which can also be purchased at the building store. For this purpose, you need to choose the starting composition of the plaster. It should be noted that it is necessary to choose the finishing materials made on the same basis - then there will be good grip between them. But, sometimes they choose the combined option of finishing.

Putty is also required starting and finishing. Both types of material are easily superimposed, distributed and aligned with over surfaces. The starting mixture - is more coarse grinding, and its is used for primary finishing. This material, if necessary, can be applied with a sufficiently thick layer - up to 15 mm. Starting material is not designed to make the surface exceptionally smooth, but it will be an excellent basis for the finishing putty.

components Finishing putty serves to bring the rough surface to ideal smoothness. Achieve its allows the thinnest powder grinding that the has the given by the blend. The finishing layer is applied in thickness from 0,5 to 2 ÷ 3mm . It is well polished, and then it can be applied to the paint or to fix decorative elements.

Experienced builders recommend buying a starting and finishing mix of one manufacturer, as they will fit organically together, due to the good adhesion of the materials.

When selecting materials, it is necessary to provide for the specific conditions of the room where the finishing will be carried out. For example, for rooms with high humidity, it is necessary to choose water-repellent compositions, otherwise the putty under the paint will be saturated with water and eventually peel off from the substrate. In order not to make a mistake with the choice, when buying it is necessary to look at the marking of the - putty for rooms with normal humidity is designated KR, and with the increased - LR +.

Tools for work

For finishing works on leveling, priming, coating with putty and painting the ceiling, you will need some tools. So, it is necessary to prepare:

• Electric drill and mixer attachment on - for the preparation of filler mixes.
• Roller, preferably having a long handle for the convenience of - , it is necessary for applying primer and paint.
• Metal spatulas of various width and thickness, as well as a rubber spatula and trowel.
• Grate for surface leveling, abrasive mesh or sandpaper in a wide range of grain sizes.
• Construction level, kapron cord with colored color for smooth lines.
• Capacity for mixing mortar and tray for priming and paint.
• Sanders for expansion of cracks and surface cleaning of the ceiling.
• Brushes of different sizes for touching and removing dust from the surface.
• For protection of the respiratory tract during work, it is necessary to have a respirator or at least a protective mask.

How to work on the filling of the ceiling

Cleaning the surface of the ceiling

To make the ceiling perfect, it must be cleaned to the base of the old whitewash, plaster or paint.

• If the surface is whitewashed, its is abundantly moistened with water and left to be moistened for 20 ÷ 25 minutes. After this time, whitewashing should be easy to clean. If this does not happen, you should repeat the process with with maceration. After that, using a spatula, picking whitewash, its needs to be removed from the plastered surface. Sometimes, after impregnating with water, whitewash can simply be wiped off or washed off with a soft damp cloth or sponge.

• The paint is removed more difficultly, but this process needs to be carried out necessarily , as the putty or plaster will not have the proper adhesion to the painted surface.

The paint can also be removed with a spatula if it begins to peel off. A tightly adhering compound is removed using a construction hair dryer, and then the surface is cleaned with sandpaper fixed on the grater .

• If the wallpaper is glued on the ceiling, then it will be easy to clean it with a wide spatula, first watering the surface with plenty of water.

• ceiling surface. If after the whitewash is washed, areas that are poorly adherent to the base of the plaster are found, they too have to remove the from the ceiling completely or partially, to the No. of healthy, completely stable seats. This is done by an average width with a spatula made of thick metal - so that the working surface does not bend strongly with the force applied.

are necessarily cleaned. Fixing of cracks

After cleaning the ceiling, on it cracks can be found, which must necessarily be sealed, otherwise they will appear soon through new layers of putty and paint.

In order for the to be deeper embedded in the fracture and reliably was held in it, its needs to be maximized. This is done with a spatula, with an grinder with a stone circle, a perforator or even manually, with a hammer and chisel. Cutting is carried out at least a width and a depth of 3 ÷ 5 mm.

Further, before sealing these enlarged cracks, they are recommended to be treated with a primer impregnating compound for better adhesion of the surface with putty or foam.

can be used to seal cracks Polyurethane foam is used to seal very wide openings of or holes. For the narrow and shallow, the starting putty or sealant is used. The finishing material should dry out completely, and then these places need to be cleaned and leveled.

If necessary, a reinforcing mesh-serpyanka is glued on the closed crack or pothole from above, directly onto the putty.

Surface priming

A well-cleaned and "repaired" surface is primed before further work. This material is applied in two to three layers, with every next applied only after the previous drying has completely dried out.

It is recommended to carry out priming before applying each subsequent layer of putty or plaster. Priming layers must be dried and only after drying they carry out further work.

Mixing of the mixture

For each type of putty, their proportions are provided, so mix the solution in strict accordance with the instructions usually located on the dry construction mix. Nevertheless, the general principle of operation is maintained for all formulations:

• In , the for mixing the solution pours with a certain amount of water, and then a dry mix is ​​added to the portion of it .
• Next, the is driven by an electric drill with a special nozzle-mixer , which is lowered into with with water and a dry mixture, then turned on medium speed and knead the solution until it is completely homogeneous.
• For leveling the ceiling, a thicker mortar is needed, the creamy is mixed for the starting and finishing putty.

• The gypsum-based solution is made in limited quantities, as it quickly cools down sufficiently. Therefore, it is very important to specify the setting time of the mass by looking in the same instruction. It is necessary to prepare as much solution as the master can safely consume immediately, during the "life" of the putty.

Aligning the ceiling

Before buy materials for work, you need to check the surface of the ceiling for an evenness, and if there are strong deviations, this flaw needs to be corrected. Otherwise, if you make a smooth surface on a curved ceiling, then, when illuminated, the unevenness will immediately strike the eye.

To determine this parameter, you need to identify the lowest angle in the room and at the joint of the ceiling and the wall put the mark with a simple pencil. Further starting from this mark, using the meter level, draws a line to the next corner, and so you need to connect all four corners. Sometimes the detection of the evenness is carried out using the colored kapron rope , which is beaten by an even line. Having carried out these activities, will immediately see , how great the curvature of the ceiling.

If the curvature is less than 10 mm, the surface is leveled using the starting putty. At a difference of 15 ÷ 20 mm, before the putty it is necessary to add a layer of plaster. If this parameter is , the is possible only using plasterboard sheets.

It is necessary to know that too thick layer of plaster or filler material, 25 ÷ 30 mm, superimposed on the concrete surface of the ceiling, , will not last long. Over time, it will peel off and the will start the to fall off, as it will actively absorb the moisture of the - especially in wet rooms.

For aligning the curved ceiling, I usually use t radiant plaster composition on a cement basis. After leveling the surface and its full drying, its also primed and dried again.

Application of the starting layer of filler

On the leveled and dried ceiling it is possible to apply the prepared starting putty mixed up to pasty state by the method already mentioned above.

• The mass is drawn from the of the with a narrow spatula, spread on a trowel or wide spatula and applied to the ceiling surface from the corner.

• The spatula is firmly pressed against the surface, and the putty is literally pressed into the by the , filling and hiding all the indentations. The first layer must be thin - through which the base can be inspected. The task of such a primary treatment with putty is to close and equalize the minor flaws in the surface.

• The applied to the ceiling mass is maximally leveled - it should not have burrs and protruding strips on the boundaries of the zones.
• Starting from the far corner, it is necessary to immediately remove the joints between the wall and the ceiling, also evenly distributing the material along the vertical and horizontal surfaces.
• When the first layer of the is applied to the , it must be wiped with the with an grater with an abrasive mesh installed on it. Grout occurs in a circular motion counter-clockwise. The process should be done very carefully, without missing a single ceiling section.

• For better control of the smoothness of the rubbed areas, it is recommended that this procedure be carried out by highlighting each of the sections with a light bulb. Some masters and putty fillings are carried out in the same way as to leave as little blemishes as possible. This process is especially important if the next layer is not too thick.

• ceiling After the troweling, if necessary, the is applied once more with a single layer of starting putty to finally remove significant surface defects. The layer can be quite thick, but the total thickness of the starting putty should not exceed 10 ÷ 12 mm.
• This layer needs to be allowed to dry completely. The drying time depends on the selected material composition and the thickness of the applied layer. Then is carried out by the with a more thorough grouting, since it defines flatness of the surface.
• After the grouting, dust sweeping from the surface, the ceiling must once again be primed.

The attached video shows an example of layer-by-layer application of starting and finishing putties. Let the reader not be confused by the fact that in the video the work is done on the slopes - but all stages of leveling the surface are very well won.

Video: layered start and finish surface filler

Finishing putty

The finishing putty with mixing is more ductile than the starting . This composition should bring the ceiling to the ideal smoothness - the "egg shell", so the its can not be made very thick. So, the consistency of the finish mass should resemble a very thick sour cream.

Its is applied to the ceiling also starting from the far wall by straight and circular smooth movements, not too strongly pressing the spatula against the surface. If necessary, after drying the first, it is possible to put and the second thin plaster layer with a grouting of each of them. The last finishing layer is not only rubbed, but also ground with grater with coated sandpaper with fine grain( about 400).

surface should be obtained. To achieve perfect smoothness, many masters prefer not a plaster but an acrylic filler for the final finishing layer. It should be quite thin, no more than 1 ÷ 1.5 mm. Acrylic putty is recommended to apply spatula , without sharp corners - in this case, the risk of leaving noticeable bands is reduced.

are very easy to use. After drying all layers finish, surface is still once polished and covered with a primer, which must also dry well. Primer - is the last layer before applying to the ceiling to the or whitewash.

ceiling. On a well leveled and primed ceiling, the paint will lie easily, its is applied using a roller with velor nozzle with a low pile. In hard-to-reach places of the ceiling and at the joints of surfaces, brushes of different widths are used for painting.

To paint an aligned surface was a simple task, and the quality of the carried out by was not in doubt, you need to be able to choose the right paint for the ceiling. How to do it - is covered in the relevant publication of our portal.

Video: how to properly fill the ceiling for painting

If you approach the process of preparing the ceiling for painting seriously and spend it slowly, then with it, most likely, even the beginner will cope. To learn how to properly hold a spatula and apply plaster to the surface, you can practice on a piece of plywood or a wall, if necessary, erasing the applied to the layer and by applying a new one.